615 Investment

The Investment Policy provides the guiding principles for Indiana State University (the “University”) to effectively supervise, monitor and evaluate the investment of its financial assets to optimize returns within appropriate risk parameters.  The investment program is defined in the various sections of the policy by:

1. Articulating the legal requirements within which the assets may be invested.
2. Providing guidelines for each investment portfolio in order to control the level of overall risk assumed by each investment manager. 
3. Establishing the benchmarks/criteria from which to monitor, evaluate and compare the performance results achieved by the investment managers.
4. Serving as a review document to guide the ongoing oversight of the University’s investments.
5. Demonstrating that the University is fulfilling its fiduciary responsibilities in the management of these investments.
6. Maintaining a prudent investor profile consistent with the statutory requirements of the State of Indiana.

• 615.2.1 Operating Funds (“ISUOF”). These are the operating reserves of the University, and are budgeted to designated areas of the University.  The management of these funds on a consolidated basis permits flexibility in the investment of these funds, and provides a larger base from which to meet liquidity demands.  All liquidity needs of the University will be met from these funds.

The University is a tax-exempt institution and the portfolios are to be managed accordingly.

IC 30-4-3.5 (Indiana Prudent Investor Act) establishes that the Board of Trustees of the University (hereinafter, “Board”) is a fiduciary for the ISUOF and requires the Board to act “as a prudent investor would, by considering the purposes, terms, distribution requirements, and other circumstances of the trust”. It also requires that management decisions be made “in the context of the trust portfolio as a whole and as a part of the overall investment strategy having risk and return objectives reasonably suited to the trust”. The Board holds responsibility to assure the assets are prudently invested in a manner consistent with this investment policy. The Board has delegated the day-to-day responsibilities for overseeing the investment program to the University Treasurer.

• 615.4.1 Other Investment Requirements. Other pertinent investment requirements in the Indiana statute include the following:
  1. The ISUOF may not be invested in equity securities.  Article XI, Section 12 of the Indiana Constitution.
  2. The Board is to establish and carry out written policies for the investment of funds of the Institution in a manner consistent with applicable Indiana Code, including IC 30-2-12 (Uniform Management of Institutional Funds).
• 615.4.2 Highest Fiduciary Standards. The Board recognizes the above-stated laws govern the decision-making of the funds, however, in an effort to adhere to the highest fiduciary standards, the Board intends to act in accordance with the Uniform Prudent Management of Institutional Funds Act.

The University has no statutory authority to borrow for operating purposes. The objective of the Investment Policy is to adequately provide for the liquidity needs of the University while maximizing the opportunity to increase yield on investments. Objectives include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. Capital preservation consistent with liquidity constraints. It is recognized that market fluctuations will cause the market value of the assets to rise and fall over short periods of time. Therefore market value declines from one quarter to another, within acceptable limits, will not necessarily be considered a violation of the policy.
2. Income maximization within reasonable, unambiguous, and prudent levels of risk and sufficient levels of investment diversification.
3. Maintenance of an adequate level of reserves for unexpected changes in the market value or to meet unanticipated spending requirements.
4. Management of costs to administer and manage the investments.
5. Compliance with all statutory requirements of the State of Indiana.

The investment structure is divided into three liquidity tiers to provide for income maximization while meeting the daily liquidity requirements of the University.

• 615.6.1 Tier I. In order to supply sufficient day-to-day operating liquidity, Tier I is invested in money market securities and liquidity reserves.
• 615.6.2 Tier II. Tier II is invested in limited duration securities to provide for a sufficient level of reserves in case of unanticipated liquidity needs; yet provide for a level of incremental return over Tier I.
• 615.6.3 Tier III. Tier III is invested for income maximization while taking on appropriate levels of risk.
• 615.6.4 Minimum Balance Requirements. Initial recommended minimum balances for each tier are included in Section 615.15. The minimum balance requirements for Tier I and Tier II will be reviewed and adjusted periodically, as will the investment management styles used in each tier.

• 615.7.1 Between Tiers. Tier balances will be reviewed annually, typically at the end of July when balances are cyclically lowest. Assets will be adjusted between the tiers to meet the minimum balance requirements and cover appropriate reserves. Excess balances will be transferred into Tier III.
• 615.7.2 Between Managers. Target balances and rebalancing by tier and manager are included in Section 615.17. If an investment manager is on the formal watchlist, rebalancing may be delayed if the result would require the manager on the watchlist to receive additional assets. 

All investment managers will discharge their duties solely in the interests of the University and with the care, skill, prudence, and diligence that an expert would use on his/her own behalf.  In addition, the investment managers shall observe the following rules:

• 615.8.1 Specific Limitation on Holdings.  The purchase of securities in the maximum amount invested in any single issuer of a non-agency mortgage-backed, asset-backed, or corporate security shall be limited to an initial cost of 5.0% of the market value of an investment manager's portfolio. This limit shall not apply to U.S. Government securities, or mortgage-backed securities that are issued by an agency of the U.S. Government. Also exempt from this limitation are Certificates of Deposit (CDs) of Indiana banks.  Through capital appreciation, no such holding should exceed 7.0% of the market value of the total holdings of such investment manager's portfolio.
• 615.8.2 Securities Trading.  Each investment manager is to send copies of each transaction record to the University’s custodian(s), as requested.  The investment manager is further required to reconcile the account(s) under its management on a timely basis each month with the custodian(s).  Each investment manager is responsible for complying fully with the University’s policies for securities trading and selecting brokerage firms.
• 615.8.3 Acknowledgments in Writing.  Each investment manager retained by the University must be a person, firm, or corporation registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940; a bank as defined in such Act; or an insurance company qualified to do business in more than one state, and must acknowledge its fiduciary responsibility in writing. SEC registered firms will be expected to provide a copy of the SEC ADV Form Section II on an annual basis. All investment managers shall acknowledge in writing their receipt of the Investment Policy and their agreement to abide by its contents.  All investment managers shall have an affirmative duty to bring suggestions for modification or change to the University.
• 615.8.4 Fiduciary Liability Insurance.  Each investment manager will obtain fiduciary insurance coverage in such amount as required by the University.  Each investment manager shall annually provide written evidence of such coverage.
• 615.8.5 Fidelity Bond.  Each investment manager will obtain fidelity bonds, in such amount as required by the University.  Each investment manager shall annually be required to provide written evidence of such coverage.
• 615.8.6 Conflicts of Interest.  An investment manager through its actions on behalf of the University shall not invest any part of the operating funds with itself or with any person or entity with which or in which it has any economic interest, unless such investment manager receives prior written approval from the University.  This limitation shall be construed so as to avoid any possibility of self-dealing or conflict of interest. In addition, no investment manager, through its actions on behalf of the University, shall act or receive compensation as a broker, dealer, underwriter, or principal whether directly or through a related or an affiliated entity, unless such investment manager receives prior written approval from the University.
• 615.8.7 Prohibited Securities and Transaction:  Article XI Section 12 of the Indiana Constitution prohibits the investment in equity securities of any type. Additionally, unless the University gives its prior written approval, the following prohibited transactions and restrictions are in effect for investment managers:
  1. Convertible fixed income securities;
  2. Purchases of unregistered securities except securities issued under Rule 144A;
  3. Purchases of futures and options except futures contracts on U.S. Treasury notes and bonds (“U.S. Treasury Futures”), futures contracts on Eurodollar deposit rates (“Eurodollar Futures”) and exchange traded put and call options on such futures contracts may be purchased, sold, written or entered into on behalf of the ISUOF.  Such futures and options may only be used for risk management purposes, including adjustment of portfolio duration and yield curve exposure and to create synthetic securities positions;
  4. The use of interest rate futures and options for speculation is strictly prohibited;
  5. Any transaction that would be a "prohibited transaction" under the Internal Revenue Code;
  6. Purchases of precious metals;
  7. Purchases of commodities;
  8. Margin purchases or sales, or any other form of leverage; and
  9. Purchases of derivative securities except for Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMO’s), Credit Default, Interest Rate, and Index Swaps.
• 615.8.8 Correction of Violations. In the event a violation of the guidelines occurs, unless otherwise approved by the University in writing, based upon a determination of the best interests of the University, the violation:
  1. Shall be corrected immediately by sale no later than the day following detection and notification; and
  2. Shall result in the reimbursement to the University by the investment manager for any losses which may have been incurred due to the violation; and
  3. Shall result in the University retaining any gains which are realized from the violation; and
  4. May be grounds for termination by the University.
  • 615.8.8.1 Notification of Violation.  In the event of a violation of these general guidelines or specific guidelines listed in Section 615.10, the investment manager is to notify the University Treasurer, or designee, immediately, in writing. 

Investment managers must adhere to the following guidelines as well as any applicable Indiana statutory requirements.  Subject to the guidelines below, each separate account investment manager shall have full discretionary investment authority over the assets under his or her management.  Each manager shall be retained to implement a specific investment style and strategy for the University. In addition, if the University chooses to invest a portion of the assigned assets in mutual funds or other commingled investment vehicles, the products selected shall adhere to the guidelines set forth in the prospectus or trust document.  The underlying securities in the portfolio must be permissible investments under Indiana Statute.

• 615.9.1 General. The guidelines for the money market, liquidity reserves, defensive, intermediate, core, core plus and unconstrained fixed income styles listed below are written with the intent to provide investment managers sufficient flexibility to carry out their investment process.  Investment Managers, however, may be subject to more specific guidelines in their respective contracts or as noted within written exhibits or addendums.  These adjustments to the above guidelines may be made on a case-by-case basis with an investment manager by the University.  Investment managers are expected to notify, in writing, the University and the Investment Consultant of significant sector movement, as defined by a deviation in sector allocation of 10% or more of the total portfolio value from the previous quarter.
• 615.9.2 Money Market. Money Market Mutual Funds must meet guidelines set forth within Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940.
• 615.9.3 Liquidity Reserves. 
  • 615.9.3.1 Maximum Average Duration.  The maximum average duration of the portfolio shall be 1.5 years.
  • 615.9.3.2 Minimum Average Portfolio Quality.  The minimum average portfolio quality shall be AA- (S&P), Aa3 (Moody’s), or AA- (Fitch).
  • 615.9.3.3 Maximum Allocation to Securities in Each Sector.  In aggregate, the portfolio shall have a maximum allocation to securities in each sector as a percentage of the portfolio’s total value as follows:
    1. U.S. Treasury  100%
    2. U.S. Government Agency or Instrumentality  100%
    3. Mortgage-backed (residential and commercial) 30%*
    4. Asset-backed  40%*
    5. Corporate Investment Grade  50%*
    6. Taxable Municipal Bonds  15%
    7. Money Market Instrument Funds  100%
  • 615.9.3.3.1 *Combined Exposure. Combined exposure to Mortgage-backed, Asset-backed and Corporates not to exceed 60%.
• 615.9.4 Defensive Duration Fixed Income Managers.
  • 615.9.4.1 Average Duration. The average duration of a defensive fixed income investment manager may not vary more than 20% of the average duration of that manager’s benchmark index. The benchmark index is listed in Section 615.17.
  • 615.9.4.2 Average Credit Quality. The average credit quality of the defensive duration fixed income manager’s portfolio shall not be lower than “AA-” using a generally accepted process for measuring the market value weighted average quality deemed appropriate by the investment manager. The manager shall rely upon the rating agencies Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, and/or Fitch’s for rating the holdings in the portfolio to determine the average credit quality.
  • 615.9.4.3 Rating of Fixed Income Securities. All fixed income securities at the time of purchase must be rated investment grade using the middle rating of Moody’s, S&P, and Fitch, respectively. When all three agencies rate an issue, a median or “two out of three” rating should be used to determine Portfolio eligibility by dropping the highest and lowest rating. When a rating from only two agencies is available, the lower (“most conservative”) of the two is used. When a rating from only one agency is available, that rating is used to determine Portfolio eligibility. U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agencies, which are unrated securities, are qualified for inclusion in the portfolio.
  • 615.9.4.4 Rating of All Securities. At least 85% of all securities in the portfolio shall be rated “A-” or higher by Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, and/or Fitch’s at the time of purchase.
  • 615.9.4.5 Rating of Issuers of General Account GIC’s. Issuers of General Account GICs must be rated the equivalent of AA- or higher by at least one of the Rating Services at the time of purchase.
  • 615.9.4.6 Money Market Instrument Rating. Money market instruments must be rated the equivalent of A-1 or higher at the time of purchase.
  • 615.9.4.7 Sec. 144A Private Placements. Sec. 144A private placements are limited to 20% of the market value of the portfolio.
  • 615.9.4.8 Aggregate Maximum Allocation to Securities. In aggregate, the portfolio shall have a maximum allocation to securities in each sector as a percentage of the portfolio’s total value as follows:
    1. U.S. Treasury 100%
    2. U.S. Government Agency or Instrumentality 100%
    3. Mortgage-backed (residential and commercial) 50%
    4. Asset-backed 50%
    5. Corporate Investment Grade 50%
    6. Taxable Municipal Bonds 20%
    7. Non-benefit responsive GIC’s 10%
    8. Money Market Instrument Funds 100%
• 615.9.5 Intermediate Fixed Income Managers.
  • 615.9.5.1 Average Duration. The average duration of a defensive fixed income investment manager may not vary more than 20% of the average duration of that manager’s benchmark index. The benchmark index is listed in Section 615.17.
  • 615.9.5.2 Average Credit Quality. The average credit quality of the defensive duration fixed income manager’s portfolio shall not be lower than “Aa3/AA-” using a generally accepted process for measuring the market value weighted average quality deemed appropriate by the investment manager. The manager shall rely upon the rating agencies Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, and/or Fitch’s for rating the holdings in the portfolio to determine the average credit quality.
  • 615.9.5.3 Rating of Fixed Income Securities. All fixed income securities at the time of purchase must be rated investment grade using the middle rating of Moody’s, S&P, and Fitch, respectively. When all three agencies rate an issue, a median or “two out of three” rating should be used to determine Portfolio eligibility by dropping the highest and lowest rating. When a rating from only two agencies is available, the lower (“most conservative”) of the two is used. When a rating from only one agency is available, that rating is used to determine Portfolio eligibility. U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agencies, which are unrated securities, are qualified for inclusion in the portfolio.
  • 615.9.5.4 Rating of All Securities. At least 85% of all securities in the portfolio shall be rated “A-” or higher by Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, and/or Fitch’s at the time of purchase.
  • 615.9.5.5 Rating of Issuers of General Account GIC’s. Issuers of General Account GICs must be rated the equivalent of AA- or higher by at least one of the Rating Services at the time of purchase.
  • 615.9.5.6 Money Market Instrument Rating. Money market instruments must be rated the equivalent of A-1 or higher at the time of purchase.
  • 615.9.5.7 Sec. 144A Private Placements. Sec. 144A private placements are limited to 20% of the market value of the portfolio.
  • 615.9.5.8 Aggregate Maximum Allocation to Securities. In aggregate, the portfolio shall have a maximum allocation to securities in each sector as a percentage of the portfolio’s total value as follows:
    1. U.S. Treasury 100%
    2. U.S. Government Agency or Instrumentality 100%
    3. Mortgage-backed (residential agency) 65%
    4. Mortgage-backed (residential non-agency) 15%
    5. Mortgage-backed (commercial) 15%
    6. Asset-backed 30%
    7. Taxable Municipal Bonds 20%
    8. Corporate Investment Grade 50%
    9. Corporate High Yield 0%
    10. Non-US Dollar Debt 0%
• 615.9.6 Core Fixed Income Managers.
  • 615.9.6.1 Average Duration. The average duration of a core plus fixed income investment manager may not vary by more than 20% from the average duration of that manager's benchmark index. The benchmark is listed in Section 615.17.
  • 615.9.6.2 Rating of Fixed Income Securities. All fixed income securities at the time of purchase must be rated investment grade using the middle rating of Moody’s, S&P, and Fitch, respectively. When all three agencies rate an issue, a median or “two out of three” rating should be used to determine Portfolio eligibility by dropping the highest and lowest rating. When a rating from only two agencies is available, the lower (“most conservative”) of the two is used. When a rating from only one agency is available, that rating is used to determine Portfolio eligibility. U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agencies, which are unrated securities, are qualified for inclusion in the portfolio.
  • 615.9.6.3 Average Credit Quality. The average credit quality of the defensive duration fixed income manager’s portfolio shall not be lower than “Aa3/AA-” using a generally accepted process for measuring the market value weighted average quality deemed appropriate by the investment manager. The manager shall rely upon the rating agencies Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s, and/or Fitch’s for rating the holdings in the portfolio to determine the average credit quality.
  • 615.9.6.4 Sec. 144A Private Placements. Sec. 144A private placements are limited to 20% of the market value of the portfolio.
  • 615.9.6.5 Daily Monitoring. Each investment manager shall be responsible for the daily monitoring of portfolio activity to minimize the uninvested cash balances.
  • 615.9.6.6 Diversification. The diversification of securities by maturity, quality, sector, coupon and geography is the responsibility of the manager.
  • 615.9.6.7 Aggregate Maximum Allocation to Securities. In aggregate, the portfolio shall have a maximum allocation to securities in each sector as a percentage of the portfolio’s total value as follows:
    1. U.S. Treasury 100%
    2. U.S. Government Agency or Instrumentality 100%
    3. Mortgage-backed (residential agency) 65%
    4. Mortgage-backed (residential non-agency) 15%
    5. Mortgage-backed (commercial) 15%
    6. Asset-backed 30%
    7. Taxable Municipal Bonds 20%
    8. Corporate Investment Grade 50%
    9. Corporate High Yield 0%
    10. Non-US Dollar Debt 0%
• 615.9.7 Core Plus Fixed Income Managers.
  • 615.9.7.1  Average Duration.  The average duration of a core plus fixed income investment manager may not vary by more than 20% from the average duration of that manager's benchmark index.  The benchmark is listed in Section 615.17.
  • 615.9.7.2  Rating of Fixed Income Securities.  At least 65% fixed income securities at the time of purchase must be rated investment grade using the middle rating of Moody’s, S&P, and Fitch, respectively.  When all three agencies rate an issue, a median or “two out of three” rating should be used to determine Portfolio eligibility by dropping the highest and lowest rating.  When a rating from only two agencies is available, the lower (“most conservative”) of the two is used.  When a rating from only one agency is available, that rating is used to determine Portfolio eligibility. U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agencies, which are unrated securities, are qualified for inclusion in the portfolio. 
  • 615.9.7.3  High-Yield and Non-U.S. Debt Securities.  Investments in high-yield and non-U.S. debt securities are permitted.  Exposure should be limited to 25% high-yield and 25% non-U.S. dollar debt with a combined exposure to those sectors not to exceed 40%.
  • 615.9.7.4  Average Credit Quality.  The average credit quality of each manager's portfolio shall not be lower than single A.
  • 615.9.7.5  Sec. 144A Private Placements.  Sec. 144A private placements are limited to 20% of the market value of the portfolio.
  • 615.9.7.6  Daily Monitoring.  Each investment manager shall be responsible for the daily monitoring of portfolio activity to minimize the uninvested cash balances.
  • 615.9.7.7  Diversification.  The diversification of securities by maturity, quality, sector, coupon and geography is the responsibility of the manager.
  • 615.9.7.8  Aggregate Maximum Allocation to Securities.  In aggregate, the portfolio shall have a maximum allocation to securities in each sector as a percentage of the portfolio’s total value as follows:
    1. U.S. Treasury  100%
    2. U.S. Government Agency or Instrumentality  100%
    3. Mortgage-backed (residential agency)  65%
    4. Mortgage-backed (residential non-agency)  15%
    5. Mortgage-backed (commercial)  15%
    6. Asset-backed  50%
    7. Taxable Municipal Bonds  20%
    8. Non-benefit responsive GIC’s  10%
    9. Money Market Instruments and Funds  100%
    10. Corporate Investment Grade  50%
    11. Corporate High Yield  25%
    12. Non-US Dollar Debt  25%
    13. Combined Plus Exposure  40%
        • 615.9.7.9  Unconstrained Fixed Income Managers. 
        1. Unconstrained/Absolute Return fixed income managers are free to seek global opportunities and to allocate risk where they have the most conviction, within the fixed income universe. Further, they can employ a wide variety of investment strategies, across the fixed income quality spectrum, curve structure, countries and currency to improve risk-adjusted results.
        2. By their nature, unconstrained managers have more flexible investment guidelines. Given the potential for vastly different strategies between unconstrained managers, each unconstrained investment manager chosen shall abide by their specific investment guidelines, as negotiated and agreed upon by the University and Investment Consultant. If the University chooses to invest a portion of the assigned assets in mutual funds or other commingled investment vehicles, the products selected shall adhere to the guidelines set forth in the prospectus or trust documents. The underlying securities in the portfolio must be permissible investments under Indiana Statute.

• 615.10.1  Monthly Investment Reports.  Each investment manager is required to provide the University and the Investment Consultant with monthly investment reports.  Such reports, at a minimum, shall contain the following information: time-weighted rates of return for the current month, asset listings that contain descriptions of all securities held in the portfolio, and a reconciliation report detailing that the account reconciles with the market value furnished by the custodian(s).  The investment return should be reported both gross and net of fees.  Each investment manager is expected to provide the monthly investment reports within 20 days of the end of the month.
• 615.10.2  Quarterly Reports.  Each investment manager shall prepare a quarterly report to be delivered to the University and Investment Consultant including: time-weighted rates of return for the current month, last three months, year-to-date, three years, five years, and since inception.  Additionally, the report may incorporate additional items as requested by the University and/or the Investment Consultant, in the format requested by the University and/or the Investment Consultant.  These reports should cover any changes to the firm’s structure, professional team or product offerings, an analysis of the major changes which have occurred in the capital markets and the portfolio since the previously issued report, a summary of the key portfolio characteristics and other matters as requested.  The University and/or the Investment Consultant will provide the investment managers with a format for these reports while accepting recommendations from the investment manager.
• 615.10.3  Reports of Material Events.  The investment manager shall immediately report all instances of material events that would affect the investment performance of the portfolio (e.g. default, missed interest payment, business restructuring, etc.) to the University and the Investment Consultant, and provide recommendations regarding options for addressing the issues in writing
• 615.10.4  Material Changes to Investment Manager.  Each investment manager also is required to provide the University and the Investment Consultant with information relating to any changes in the investment manager's investment philosophy, ownership structure, financial condition, professional staff, loss of significant client relationship, or any other event which could be judged to or deemed to adversely impact the investment manager’s performance.  The University and the Investment Consultant expect to be notified in writing within 30 days of any such changes or events in writing.
• 615.10.5  Periodic Due Diligence Meeting.  The Consultant, on behalf of the University, will hold a due diligence meeting with each investment manager periodically. Covered topics will include, but will not be limited to, the following:
  1. The investment manager's compliance with the Investment Policy.
  2. The portfolio's investment performance and risk levels.
  3. The investment manager's current and proposed investment strategies.
  4. The investment manager's views concerning the economy and the securities markets, with focus on the likely impact on the investment manager's strategies and the portfolio's performance.
  5. The effects of any changes to the investment manager's organization, investment philosophy, financial condition, or professional staff.
  6. Proposed modifications to this Investment Policy.
  7. Disaster recovery systems and process.
  • 615.10.5.1 Copies of Required Documents. Copies of all required documents per the Investment Policy, including the SEC ADV Form Section II, proof of fiduciary liability insurance and fidelity bonds will be requested.

The University will follow a process that embodies the principles of procedural due diligence in the selection of investment managers.  The University may retain a "prudent expert" (a bank, insurance company, or investment advisor as defined by the Registered Investment Advisors Act of 1940) to facilitate this process.  Also, if the assets are invested in a mutual fund or other commingled product, the investment vehicle must be organized as a business trust and the underlying securities in the portfolio must be permissible investments under Indiana Statute.  In addition, when selecting investment managers, the University will:

• a. Develop an investment manager candidate profile outlining the specific characteristics sought in the investment manager.  Such criteria may include, but is not limited to:
  1. Investment manager strategy and approach;
  2. Organizational structure;
  3. Minimum and maximum assets under management;
  4. Client servicing capabilities;
  5. Performance criteria relative to an appropriate index and peer group.
• b. Analyze the investment manager candidates in terms of:
  1. Qualitative Characteristics, such as key personnel, investment philosophy, investment strategy, research orientation, decision-making process, and risk controls.
  2. Quantitative Characteristics, such as CFA Institute-compliant composite return data, investment performance over multiple time periods, performance volatility, risk-adjusted rates of return (e.g., Information Ratio), and certain portfolio characteristics.
  3. Organizational Factors, such as assets under management, ownership structure, client servicing capabilities, and fees.
• 615.11.1  Process of Selection.  The selection process shall conform to the requirements of the University.  The University may utilize investment consultants or other professionals not responsible for the specific selection to assist in the development of the requirements, screening criteria, and analysis of the investment manager responses during the investment manager selection process.  This process is designed to support the State of Indiana’s general initiative with regards to minority- and women-owned (MWO) and “Buy Indiana” businesses.

The University is aware that the ongoing review and analysis of money managers is just as important as the due diligence implemented during the manager selection process.  Monitoring these managers will include, but may not be limited to, the process outlined below:

• 615.12.1  Step 1 – On-Going Monitoring.  The University and the Investment Consultant will perform a constant and on-going analysis of all engaged investment managers.  In addition to reviewing quarterly investment performance, the University and the Investment Consultant will continually evaluate:
• a. Investment manager's adherence to the Investment Policy guidelines;
• b. Material changes in the investment manager's organization, investment philosophy and/or personnel;
• c. The volatility of the investment rates of return of the manager compared to the volatility of an appropriate market index and peer group (as listed in Section 615.17);
• d. Comparisons of the investment manager's results to appropriate indices and peer groups (as listed in Section 615.17); and
• e. Where appropriate market indexes and/or peer groups are not available, the University and the Investment Consultant will evaluate factors such as the manager's adherence to stated risk and return objectives and the investment manager's portfolio exposures in relation to the market environment and stated philosophy and process.
• 615.12.2  Step 2 – Formal Watchlist.  If the University and the Investment Consultant determine that any of the above factors, or any other development regarding the manager’s performance or organization, warrants a more thorough examination, the University may place the manager on a formal “watchlist”.  Factors examined during the watchlist period may include, but will not limited to, the following:
  • 615.12.2.1  Extraordinary Events (Organizational Issues).  Extraordinary events that may lead to an investment manager termination include such things as:
    1. Change in ownership (e.g., key people "cash out");
    2. Change in professionals;
    3. Changes to a manager’s philosophy or the process it uses to implement the agreed upon strategy;
    4. Material litigation or fraud involving the investment manager;
    5. Client-servicing problems;
    6. Significant account losses or significant account growth;
    7. Change in cost;
    8. A data or security breech;
    9. Determination of an inadequate business continuity plan;
    10. Change in financial condition; or
    11. Extreme performance volatility;
  • 615.12.2.2  Long-Term Performance in Relation to Appropriate Market Index.  Long-term performance standards measure an investment manager's performance over rolling five-year returns or since inception in relation to the appropriate market index.  The expectation is for the manager’s performance to exceed the appropriate market index.  Additionally, each investment manager is expected to demonstrate favorable long-term risk-adjusted performance compared to its peer group.  Risk-adjusted performance measures will vary, but may include: Information Ratio and Excess Return Ratio.
  • 615.12.2.3  Shorter-Term Performance in Relation to Appropriate "Style Group".  Shorter-term performance standards incorporate a time period of at least three years. Each investment manager is expected to perform consistently in the top 50th percentile versus an appropriate peer group of investment managers with similar investment styles.  Additionally, each investment manager is expected to demonstrate favorable cumulative and rolling three-year risk-adjusted performance compared to its peer group.  Risk-adjusted performance measures will vary, but may include: Information Ratio and Excess Return Ratio.
• 615.12.3  Step 3 – Replace or Retain.  The watchlist period will generally be four to six quarters, but the time period can be shorter or longer depending on the factors causing the watchlist.  As a result of the watchlisting examination of the investment manager, a recommendation to either replace or retain the manager will be made. It is at the discretion of the University to take corrective action by replacing a manager/mutual fund, if it deems it appropriate, at any time.  The watchlist is not the only route for removing an existing manager.  The aforementioned events, or any other events of concern identified by the University, may prompt the immediate removal of a manager without its first having been watchlisted.

By acknowledging in writing the receipt of this Investment Policy, each investment manager agrees to its terms and conditions. In the event an investment manager believes at any time that changes, additions, or deletions to this Investment Policy are advisable, the investment manager will communicate such recommendations to the University and the Investment Consultant in writing.  It is clearly understood that the University, and not the investment manager, is responsible for the establishment of this Investment Policy. The spirit of this paragraph is to encourage investment managers to bring important matters to the attention of the University so that the University can conduct its reviews of its policies and objectives in an informed manner. The University shall formally review this Investment Policy Statement periodically.  Any modifications shall be reviewed and discussed with the investment managers prior to implementation.

• 615.14.1  Board of Trustees.  The fiduciary responsibilities of the Board of Trustees include, but are not limited to, the following: 
  1. Approve the investment objectives and guidelines of the ISUOF.
  2. Approve an appropriate overall asset allocation strategy of the ISUOF.
  3. Approve written investment policies consistent with investment objectives of the ISUOF.
• 615.14.2  Board Finance Committee.  The Board Finance Committee is responsible for reviewing and making recommendations pertaining to the following components of the ISUOF investment program: 
  1. Overall investment objectives and guidelines.
  2. Overall asset allocation strategy.
  3. Written investment policies consistent with the investment objectives of the ISUOF.
• 615.14.3  University Investment Committee (the “UIC”).  The purpose of the UIC is to provide tactical oversight of the investment management program, including manager structure and implementation, and to assure that the policies established by the Board are implemented and adhered to.  Additionally, the UIC will approve the selection of qualified investment professionals to assist in the implementation of, management of, and advisement on the investment policies of the ISUOF.  The UIC will also include, but will not be limited to senior members of the following organizations:
  1. Senior Vice President of Finance and Administration/University Treasurer;
  2. Budget Officer;
  3. Controller; and            
  4. Assistant Treasurer
• 615.14.4  University Treasurer.  The day-to-day management and oversight of the ISUOF are the responsibility of the University Treasurer, and/or designee.  These responsibilities include:
  1. Delivering a quarterly review of the performance of all funds for the Board.
  2. Maintaining a level of expertise subject to available resources that allows the staff to carry out the responsibilities listed herein.
  3. Any and all other responsibilities as may be deemed necessary by the Board with respect to the prudent oversight of the Invested Funds, including:
  4. Hiring an investment consultant (“Investment Consultant”) to assist the Board of Trustees, the UIC, the Treasurer and the staff with the strategic planning, implementation and oversight of the ISUOF.  The responsibilities could include, but are not limited to:
     1. Provide independent and unbiased information.
     2. Assist in the development of appropriate asset allocation and manager structure strategies.
     3. Assist in the development of IPS.
     4. Assist in the monitoring and compliance with IPS.
     5. Conduct investment manager searches when needed for policy implementation.
     6. Assist in development of performance measurement standards.
     7. Monitor and evaluate manager performance on an ongoing basis and conduct due diligence when a manager fails to meet a standard.
     8. Make recommendations with respect to manager retention or termination.
     9. Assist in the control of investment expenses, including helping to negotiate investment manager and custodian fees.
• 615.14.5  Investment Manager. 
  1. Manage assets under its care, custody, and/or control in accordance with the guidelines and objectives contained in this IPS.
  2. Exercise investment discretion in regard to buying, managing, and selling assets held in the portfolio, subject to any limitations contained in this IPS.
  3. Communicate with the University and the Investment Consultant in writing regarding all significant and/or material changes pertaining to the portfolio it manages or the firm itself.  Changes in ownership, organizational structure, financial condition, professional staff, recommendation for changes to guidelines, or commencement of material litigation are examples of changes to the firm in which the University is interested.
  4. Use the same care, skill, prudence, and due diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that experienced investment professionals acting in a like capacity and fully familiar with such matters would use in like activities with like aims in accordance and compliance with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations, including the State of Indiana.
  5. Acknowledge and agree in writing as to fiduciary responsibility for full compliance with the entire IPS set forth herein, and as modified in the future.
  6. Report to the University and the Investment Consultant monthly regarding the status of the portfolio and its performance for various time periods.  Meet with the University and the Investment Consultant periodically to report on their performance and compliance with goals and objectives. 
  7. Register and retain that registration under the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 and Securities Exchange Commission Acts, unless exempted from registration by the SEC.
• 615.14.6  Custodian.  A custodian may be authorized to:
  1. Hold securities and other investments in the name of the ISUOF, in the name of a nominee of the custodian, or in bearer form.
  2. Collect and receive income and other receipts from the securities and other investments and deposit or reinvest them subject to the direction of the University or one of its authorized representatives.
  3. Maintain accounting records and prepare reports which are required by Board, UIC, Treasurer, investment managers, and Investment Consultant as are customary.
  4. Provide for prompt investment of any cash into the chosen sweep vehicle to avoid uninvested amounts.
  5. Report to the University and the Investment Consultant situations where security pricing is either not possible or subject to considerable uncertainty.
  6. As requested by the University, provide performance measurement information consistent with the CFA Institute standards.  At a minimum, the performance measurement information shall contain time-weighted returns for the current month, last three months, year-to-date, last three years, last five years, and performance since inception data.  The performance information should be reported both gross and net fees.
  7. At the direction of the University, transfer into and out of specified accounts.
  8. Perform other services for the University as are customary and appropriate for custodian.

At the 2Q12 meeting on September 17th, ISU and Capital Cities analyzed the cash flows over the 'since inception' time period of the new tiered structure (Oct 2010 - Aug 2012).  Discussions centered on identifying the lowest period for cash balances (typically the summer months) and determining the dollar cushion necessary to sustain operations (particularly payroll) in a worst case scenario. The opportunity cost of allocating too much to Tier I was also discussed, given the higher return potential in Tiers II and III.  Ultimately, ISU and Capital Cities established minimum balance ranges for Tiers I and II, determining that any remaining balance should be allocated to Tier III.  The Tiered structure will continue to operate to provide for liquidity/operating needs (Tier I), provide contingency reserves (Tier II) and allow for some total return (Tier III).  Additionally, the structure provides some flexibility to ISU staff to manage the balances within ranges, based on their knowledge of future cash flows.  These figures were confirmed May 2015.  Additionally, between 2013 and 2015, ISU and Capital Cities discussed improvements to the manager structure of Tier III, incorporating Unconstrained Fixed Income in an attempt to reduce interest rate risk in the portfolio.  The new Tier structure and manager structure is generally described below:

* Under normal circumstances (i.e. in the absence of material cash flows), Unconstrained shall not account for more than 35% of Tier III assets.

• 615.16.1  Money Market.  The money market style invests in low-risk, highly liquid, short-term financial instruments whose net asset value is kept stable at $1 per share Money Market Mutual Funds must meet guidelines set forth within Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940. 
• 615.16.2  Liquidity Reserves.  Liquidity Reserves may be invested using commingled vehicles and/or separate account vehicles.  Liquidity Reserves refers to investments which emphasize preservation of capital, liquidity and total return.  These investments exhibit portfolio characteristics between that of money market strategies and defensive strategies with regards to quality and duration. 
• 615.16.3  Defensive Bond.  Defensive Bond managers construct portfolios that approximate the results of the Barclays1-3 Year Government/Credit Index.  The objective is to minimize interest rate risk by investing in predominantly short to intermediate term securities.  The average portfolio duration is similar to the duration of the Barclays Capital 1-3 Year Government/Credit Index.
• 615.16.4  Intermediate Bond.  Intermediate Bond managers' objective is to lower interest rate risk while retaining reasonable yield levels by investing primarily in intermediate term securities.  The average portfolio duration and risk/return profile is similar to that of the Barclays Capital Intermediate Government/Credit Bond Index.
• 615.16.5  Core Bond.  Core Bond managers construct portfolios to approximate the investment results of the Barclays Capital Government/Credit Bond Index or the Barclays Capital Aggregate Bond Index with a modest amount of variability in duration around the index.  The objective is to achieve value added from sector and/or issue selection.
• 615.16.6  Core Plus Bond.  Core Plus Bond managers construct portfolios that deviate significantly from the Barclays Aggregate Bond Index.  The objective is to add value by tactically allocating significant portions of the portfolio among non-benchmark sectors while maintaining majority exposure similar to the broad market.
• 615.16.7  Unconstrained Bond.  Unconstrained/Absolute Return fixed income products cover a wide range of approaches designed to produce positive absolute total returns across a variety of market environments. They tactically invest in a diverse set of risk factors, sectors and strategies within fixed income with an aim to maximize risk-adjusted total returns within a specific risk budget.